Horse Working: Understanding the Difference Between "Working" and "Behind the Vertical"
The terms "working" and "behind the vertical" are crucial in understanding equine locomotion and athletic performance, particularly in disciplines like dressage and jumping. While often used interchangeably, they represent distinct concepts with significant implications for a horse's soundness and performance. This article will delve into the nuances of each, explaining their differences and the importance of maintaining correct posture for optimal equine health and athleticism.
What does it mean for a horse to be "working"?
When a horse is "working," it implies they are actively engaged in their musculature, demonstrating a balanced and coordinated movement. This engagement isn't just about speed; it involves the efficient use of their entire body, from their hindquarters to their poll. A horse working correctly exhibits:
- Proper engagement of the hindquarters: The hind legs drive the movement, pushing powerfully from the ground and propelling the horse forward.
- Suppleness and fluidity of movement: The horse moves with grace and ease, exhibiting a natural swing in their back and a relaxed, yet engaged, posture.
- Even weight distribution: The weight is balanced over the horse's center of gravity, preventing undue strain on any single part of their body.
- Straightness and balance: The horse moves forward in a straight line, with their body aligned correctly.
This "working" state is the foundation of good riding and training, promoting athleticism and preventing injury.
What does it mean for a horse to be "behind the vertical"?
"Behind the vertical" refers to the position of a horse's hindquarters in relation to their forehand. When a horse is behind the vertical, their hind legs are positioned further under their body than their forelegs. This often results in several noticeable characteristics:
- Over-flexed hind legs: The hocks are excessively bent, and the hind legs are positioned too far beneath the body.
- Rounded back: The horse's back is rounded rather than slightly arched (convex).
- Dropped poll: The horse’s head is often low and the poll (the highest point of the head) is below the level of their withers (the highest point of their shoulders).
- Reduced propulsion: While the hind legs might appear to be powerfully engaged, their position reduces their effective leverage, resulting in less efficient propulsion.
This position, while sometimes mistakenly seen as "working," is actually often a sign of discomfort or poor training.
What are the dangers of a horse working behind the vertical?
Working consistently behind the vertical can lead to a number of problems:
- Strain and injury to the back: The rounded back puts significant strain on the back muscles and ligaments, leading to potential injuries like kissing spines and sacroiliac issues.
- Stress on the joints: Excessive flexion in the hocks can cause joint damage and lameness over time.
- Reduced performance: The inefficient use of the hindquarters leads to a lack of power and athleticism.
- Balance issues: The horse's overall balance is compromised, making them more prone to stumbling and falling.
How do I know if my horse is working correctly versus working behind the vertical?
Observing your horse's movement carefully is key. Look for the signs mentioned above. If your horse exhibits a rounded back, over-flexed hocks, and a dropped poll, they are likely working behind the vertical. A qualified riding instructor or equine veterinarian can offer a professional assessment and guidance on improving your horse's posture and movement.
What can I do to help my horse work correctly and avoid being behind the vertical?
Correct training is paramount. Focus on exercises that promote:
- Engagement of the hindquarters: Exercises such as transitions, half halts, and leg yields encourage the horse to use their hindquarters effectively.
- Suppleness and looseness: Stretching exercises and work at the walk and trot can help improve suppleness.
- Correct posture: The rider's position and aids play a critical role in guiding the horse into the correct posture.
Regular veterinary checkups can help identify and address any underlying musculoskeletal issues that may contribute to poor posture. Working with a qualified and experienced equine professional can make a world of difference.
By understanding the differences between "working" and "behind the vertical," riders and horse owners can work towards achieving a healthier, more efficient, and ultimately more successful partnership with their equine athletes.
